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An batch processing systems (bulk,offline) means:

• starting a process,
• reading a lot of data in batch (in parallel if possible)
• and terminating the process

Article

• PL/SQL - Bulk Collect - Fetch collection of (records|Collection)
• Oracle Database - Data Load

Implementation

Simple code iterates generally one tuple at a time (for example looping over rows in a table). This kind of algorithms are hard to optimize and parallelize compared to declarative set-oriented languages such as SQL.

Batch vs Stream processing

See Stream vs Batch