About
A (raw|observed) score is the score
- in the original scale.
- not predicted (calculated)
- just observed
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Formula
(Classical test|True score) theory asserts that raw scores are influenced by:
- bias,
- chance error,
- and true scores
<MATH> \href{Raw Score}{Raw\,Score} = \href{True score}{True\,Score} + \href{bias}{Bias}+Error </MATH>
where:
- True Score is the score in a perfect world
- Bias is a systematic error. Example: An instrument that will always measure with the same difference. It has an effect on the entire distribution (It shift it right or left)
- Error: is also known as Chance error, or random chance error (For example, measurement of body temperature, if someone drink a coffer before measuring its temperature)